अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोधस्त्यागः शान्तिरपैशुनम् | दया भूतेष्वलोलुप्त्वं मार्दवं ह्रीरचापलम् ||१६-२||
ahiṃsā satyamakrodhastyāgaḥ śāntirapaiśunam . dayā bhūteṣvaloluptvaṃ mārdavaṃ hrīracāpalam ||16-2||
Chapter 16 · Verse 2
Daiva Sampad Vibhaga Yoga
दैवीसम्पद्विभागयोग
In plain words
Ahimsa Noninjury in thought word and deed. By refraining from injuring living creatures the outgoing forces of Rajas are curbed. Ahimsa is divided into physical verbal and mental.
Translation
16.2 Non-injury, truth, freedom from anger, renunciation, tranillity, non-slandering others, compassion to all beings, freedom from desire, gentleness, the sense of shame, freedom from fickleness;
Meaning
Ahimsa Noninjury in thought word and deed. By refraining from injuring living creatures the outgoing forces of Rajas are curbed. Ahimsa is divided into physical verbal and mental. Satyam Truth Speaking of things as they are without uttering unpleasant words or lies. This includes selfrestraint absence of jealousy forgiveness patience endurance and kindness. Akrodhah Absence of anger when insulted ruked or beaten i.e. even under the gravest provocation. Tyagah Renunciation -- literally giving up giving up of Vasanas egoism and the fruits of action. Charity is also Tyaga. This has already been mentioned in the previous verse. Santih Serenity of the mind. Apaisunam Absence of narrowmindedness. Daya Compassion to those who are in distress. A man of compassion has a tender heart. He lives only for the benefit of the world. Compassion indicates realisation of unity or oneness with other creatures. Aloluptvam Noncovetousness. The senses are not affected or excited when they come in contact with their respective objects the senses are withdrawn from the objects of the senses just as the limbs of the tortoise are withdrawn by it into its own shell. Hrih It is shame felt in the performance of actions contrary to the rules of the Vedas or of society. Achapalam Not to speak or move the hands and legs in vain avoidance of useless action. Straightforwardness noninjury absence of anger etc. are special alities of the Brahmanas. They are the Sattvic virtues which belong to them. Moreover --
Word by word
अहिंसा harmlessness सत्यम् truth अक्रोधः absence of anger त्यागः renunciation शान्तिः peacefulness अपैशुनम् absence of crookedness दया compassion भूतेषु in beings अलोलुप्त्वम् noncovetousness मार्दवम् gentleness ह्रीः modesty अचापलम् absence of fickleness.