दुःखेष्वनुद्विग्नमनाः सुखेषु विगतस्पृहः | वीतरागभयक्रोधः स्थितधीर्मुनिरुच्यते ||२-५६||
duḥkheṣvanudvignamanāḥ sukheṣu vigataspṛhaḥ . vītarāgabhayakrodhaḥ sthitadhīrmunirucyate ||2-56||
Chapter 2 · Verse 56
Sankhya Yoga
सांख्ययोग
In plain words
You must strive to remain calm and undisturbed through all of life's inevitable ups and downs. A truly wise person does not crave pleasure, nor do they despair when facing pain, fear, or anger. By maintaining this inner balance, you align with your true dharma, your righteous path of peace, and remain firmly rooted in steady spiritual wisdom.
Translation
2.56 He whose mind is not perturbed in pain, who has no longing for pleasures, who is free from desire, fear and anger - he is called a sage of firm wisdom.
Meaning
Lord Krishna gives His answer to the second part of Arjunas estion as to the conduct of a sage of steady wisdom in the 56th 57th and 58th verses. The mind of a sage of steady wisdom is not distressed in calamities. He is not affected by the three afflictions (Taapas) -- Adhyatmika (arising from diseases or disorders in ones own body). Adhidaivika (arising from thunder lightning storm flood etc.) and Adhibhautika (arising from scorpions cobras tigers etc.). When he is placed in an affluent condition he does not long for sensual pleasures. (Cf. IV.10).
Word by word
दुःखेषु in adversity अनुद्विग्नमनाः of unshaken mind सुखेषु in pleasure विगतस्पृहः withut hankering वीतरागभयक्रोधः free from attachment fear and anger स्थितधीः of steady wisdom मुनिः sage उच्यते (he) is called.